English grammar
German grammar
Spanish grammar
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Tenses
Präsens (use)
Präsens (formation)
Perfekt (use)
Perfekt (formation)
Präteritum (use)
Plusquamperfekt (use)
Plusquamperfekt (formation)
Futur I (use)
Exercise 1: Determining the tenses
Exercise 2: Determining the tenses
List of exercises (tenses)
Individual words and parts of speech
Adjectives
Adverbs
Articles
Interjections
Nouns
Numerals
Prepositions
Pronouns
Verbs
W
question words
Tricky word combinations and topics
Writing of percentages and fractions
hilfsbereit – hilfreich – behilflich
Sentences, clauses, syntax
Subject
Exercise 1: constituents
Exercise 2: constituents
Exercise 3: constituents
List of exercises on constituents
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English grammar
Tenses
Signal words for English tenses
Progressive
or
continuous?
Compound tenses
Passive voice
Present tenses
Ways to express the present
Present simple: use
Conjugating
‘to be’
Exercise 1: present simple of
‘to be’
Exercise 2: present simple of
‘to be’
Short forms of
‘to be’
in the present simple
Exercise 1: short forms (
‘to be’
in the present simple)
Conjugating
‘to have’
Exercise 1: present simple of
‘to have’ (have/has)
Conjugating
‘to do’
Conjugating modal verbs
Present simple: formation
Exercise 1 present simple
Exercise 2 present simple
Exercise 3 present simple (spelling 3rd person)
Present continuous: use
Present continuous: formation
Exercise 1: present continuous/progressive
Exercise 2: present continuous/progressive
Exercise 3: present continuous/progressive
Comparison present simple vs. present continuous
Mixed exercise 1: present simple & progressive
Mixed exercise 2: present simple & progressive
Present perfect simple: use
Present perfect simple: formation
Exercise 1: present perfect simple
Present perfect continuous: use
Present perfect continuous: formation
Exercise 1: present perfect continuous
Exercise 2: present perfect continuous
Comparison present perfect simple vs. continuous
Exercise 1: present perfect simple and progressive
Exercise 2: present perfect simple and progressive
Modal verbs in the perfect:
‘must have been’
or
‘could have been’
Questions with
‘have … got’
Exercise 1: asking questions with
‘have … got’
Questions with
‘do … have’
Exercise 1: asking questions with
‘do … have’
Questions with
‘can’
Exercise 1: questions with
‘can’
Rule for using
‘he, she, it’
Exercise 1: rule for
‘he, she, it’
Exercise 2: rule for
‘he, she, it’
List of exercises: present tenses
Past tenses
Ways to express the past
Past simple: use
Past simple: forms (active voice)
Exercise 1: past simple
Exercise 2: past simple
Exercise 3: past simple
Exercise 4: past simple
Past simple: forms (passive voice)
Past simple: forms of
‘to be’
Exercise 1: past simple of
‘to be’ (was/were)
Exercise 2: past simple of
‘to be’ (was/were)
Past simple: forms of
‘to have’
Past simple: forms of
‘to do’
Past simple: conjugation of modal verbs
Past continuous: use
Past continuous: forms
Exercise 1: past continuous/progressive
Exercise 2: past continuous/progressive
Past simple vs. past continuous: comparison
Mixed exercise 1: past simple and past continuous
Past perfect simple: use
Past perfect simple: forms
Exercise 1: past perfect simple
Past perfect continuous: use
Past perfect continuous: forms
List of exercises: past tenses
Future tenses
Ways to express the future
Future simple (
will
future)
Forming the future with
‘will’
Exercise 1: future simple with
‘will’
The planned future
(to be going to)
Forming
‘be going to’
Exercise 1: future with
‘going to’
Exercise 2: future with
‘going to’
The future with
‘be about to’
The future with
‘to be on the point of’
The future with
‘to be to’
Future continuous
(will + ing)
: use
Future continuous
(will + ing)
: forms
Exercise 1: future continuous
Using the future perfect simple
Forming the future perfect simple
Exercise 1: future perfect simple
Future perfect continuous: use
Future perfect continuous: forms
Exercise 1: future perfect continuous
List of exercises: future tenses
Individual words and numbers
Basics about parts of speech
Determiners in grammar
Overview: adjectives
(far, happy, …)
Adjectives
(old, nice, …)
Exercise 1: adjectives ending in
‘-ed’
and
‘-ing’
Exercise 2: adjectives ending in
‘-ed’
and
‘-ing’
Adjectives: comparison
(as … as, more/less … than)
Exercise 1: comparison with adjectives
(as/as & more/than)
Exercise 2: comparison with adjectives
(as/as & more/than)
Adjectives: comparison
(-er/-est)
Adjectives: comparison (positive)
Adjectives: comparison (comparative)
Adjectives: comparison (superlative)
Adjectives: comparison with special adjective forms
Exercise 1: comparison of adjectives
(-er/-est; more/most)
Exercise 2: comparison of adjectives
(-er/-est; more/most)
Exercise 3: comparison of adjectives (
old, elder, further,
etc.)
Exercise 4: comparison of adjectives (
late, latest, near,
etc.)
Adjectives: order
Exercise 1: order of adjectives
Exercise 2: order of adjectives
Overview: adverbs
(well, hardly, …)
Adverbs: meaning & formation
Adverbs: special forms
Adverbially used adjectives
Adverbs of manner
Adverbs of definite frequency
Adverbs of indefinite frequency
Special adverb
‘enough’
Relative adverbs
(when, where, why)
Exercise 1: adverbs in English
Overview: articles
(the, a/an)
Definite/indefinite articles
(a, an, the)
Exercise 1: indefinite articles
(a, an)
Exercise 2: articles
(a, an, the)
Overview: conjunctions
(and, but, …)
Conjunctions: general aspects and function
Coordinating conjunctions
Subordinating conjunctions
Exercise 1: conjunctions
Exercise 2: conjunctions
Exercise 3: conjunctions
Overview: interjections
(ouch, yeah, …)
Interjections: use and general aspects
Overview: nouns
(car, house, …)
Nouns: general considerations
Nouns: grammatical gender
Nouns: countable + plural
Nouns: uncountable
Nouns: only singular
Nouns: only plural
Nouns: special plural
Overview: prepositions
(in, by, …)
Prepositions (general considerations)
Prepositions (place and direction)
Exercise 1: prepositions of place and direction
(in, on, at)
Exercise 2: prepositions of place and direction
(in, on, at)
Prepositions (time)
Exercise 1: prepositions of time
(at, on, in)
Exercise 2: prepositions of time
(at, on, in)
Exercise 3: prepositions of time
Prepositions (manner, means, instrument)
Exercise 1: prepositions of manner
(with, by, in)
Prepositions (reason, purpose, cause)
Prepositions connected to verbs
Exercise 1: prepositions connected to verbs
Exercise 2: prepositions connected to verbs
Overview: pronouns
(my, they, …)
Personal pronouns
(you, we, …)
Exercise 1: English personal pronouns
Exercise 2: English personal pronouns
Possessive pronouns
(my, your, …)
Exercise 1: possessive pronouns
Demonstrative pronouns
(this, these, those)
Exercise 1: demonstrative pronouns
Relative pronouns
(who, which, whose, whom)
Exercise 1: relative pronouns
Indefinite pronouns
(somebody, anybody, …)
Overview: verbs
(drink, done, …)
Verbs: general considerations
Main verbs
Auxiliary verbs
(be, do, have)
Exercise 1: short and long forms of auxiliary verbs
Exercise 2: short and long forms of auxiliary verbs
Exercise 3: short and long forms of auxiliary verbs
Modal verbs
(can, may, must …)
Difference: auxiliary and main verb
Regular verbs
Verbs: conjugation
Verbs: present participle (
ing
-form)
Exercise 1: present participle (spelling)
Verbs: past participle (
ed
-form)
Exercise 1: past participle (spelling)
Exercise 2: past participle
Exercise 3: past participle
Verbs: imperative mood
Verbs: subjunctive mood
Verbs: gerund
Verbs: infinitive
List of verbs requiring the infinitive with
‘to’
Using the infinitive without
‘to’
Comparison: simple or continuous
Verbs: stative verbs
List of stative verbs
Verb tables and lists
Irregular verbs list (A–Z)
Regular active voice forms in all tenses (example
‘to talk’
)
Irregular active voice forms in all tenses (example
‘to eat’
)
Auxiliary and lexical verb
‘to have’
(forms in all tenses)
Auxiliary and lexical verb
‘to be’
(forms in all tenses)
Modal verb
‘must’
(forms & substitute)
Modal verb
‘can’
(forms & substitute)
Auxiliary and lexical verb
‘to do’
(forms in all tenses)
List of exercises: irregular verbs
Exercise 1: irregular verbs (past simple)
Exercise 2: irregular verbs (past simple)
Exercise 3: irregular verbs (past simple)
Exercise 1: irregular verbs (perfect tenses)
Exercise 2: irregular verbs (perfect tenses)
Declension (inflection) in English
List of exercises: parts of speech
Exercise 1: adjectives & adverbs mixed
Exercise 2: adjectives & adverbs mixed
Exercise 3: adjectives & adverbs mixed
Exercise 1: parts of speech
Exercise 2: parts of speech
Exercise 3: parts of speech
Tricky word combinations and topics
a little – a few
Exercise 1:
a little – a few
Are animals
‘he, she’
or
‘it’
?
are you?; is he
(question tags)
Exercise 1: question tags
Exercise 2: question tags
Exercise 3: question tags
Exercise 4: question tags
Exercise 5: question tags
been – gone
Exercise 1:
been – gone
Exercise 2:
been – gone
do – make
Exercise 1:
do – make
Exercise 2:
do – make
have – have got
Exercise 1:
have – have got
Exercise 2:
have – have got
in the end – at the end
Exercise 1:
in the end – at the end
in time – on time
Exercise 1:
in time – on time
interesting – interested
Exercise 1:
interesting – interested
Exercise 2:
interesting – interested
it’s – its
Exercise 1:
it’s – its
Exercise 2:
it’s – its
much – many – a lot
Exercise 1:
much – many – lots of
Exercise 2:
much – many – lots of
Exercise 3:
much – many – lots of
one – ones
Exercise 1:
one – ones
since – for
Exercise 1:
since – for
Exercise 2:
since – for
Exercise 3:
since – for
Exercise 4:
since – for
Exercise 5:
since – for
so – such
Exercise 1:
so – such
Exercise 2:
so – such
some – any
Exercise 1:
some – any
Exercise 2:
some – any
Exercise 3:
some – any
there is – there are
Exercise 1:
there is – there are
to be/get used to …
Exercise 1:
to be/get used to
to – too – two
Exercise 1:
to – too – two
Exercise 2:
to – too – two
used to
+ infinitive
Exercise 1:
used to
Exercise 2:
used to
what – why – who …
(question words)
Exercise 1: question words in English
Exercise 2: question words in English
yet – already
List of exercises: tricky grammar topics
Numbers, numerals, time specifications
Cardinal numbers
(one, two, three, …)
Fraction numbers
(a quarter, two thirds, …)
The years in English
Telling the time
(3 a.m., 5 p.m., …)
Times of day & mealtimes
(morning, night, …)
Exercise 1: day times & mealtimes
Exercise 2: day times & mealtimes
Weekdays & months
(March, Friday, …)
Exercise 1: English weekdays
Exercise 2: English weekdays
Writing & saying the English date
Exercise 1: writing the date
Exercise 2: writing the date
Exercise 3: spelling of the date (British English – BE)
Exercise 4: spelling of the date (American English – US/AE)
Sentences, clauses, syntax
Conditional sentences (
if
clauses)
Comparison of the
if
-clauses
Word order in
if
-clauses
Zero conditional (
if
-clause type 0)
Exercise 1: zero conditional (
if
clause type 0)
First conditional (
if
-clause type 1)
Exercise 1:
if
clause type 1
Exercise 2:
if
clause type 1)
Second conditional (
if
-clause type 2)
Present conditional simple: verb forms
Present conditional continuous: verb forms
Exercise 1: second conditional (
if
clause type 2)
Exercise 2: second conditional (
if
clause type 2)
Exercise 3: second conditional (
if
clause type 2)
Third conditional (
if
-clause type 3)
Past conditional simple: verb forms
Past conditional continuous: verb forms
Exercise 1: third conditional (
if
clause type 3)
Exercise 2: third conditional (
if
clause type 3)
List of exercises: conditional clauses /
if
clauses
Clause types
(declarative, interrogative, imperative)
Declarative sentences
Short answers
Interrogative sentences
Imperative sentences
Relative clauses
Participle clauses
Syntax, parts. word order
Subject
Grammatical agreement (subject & verb)
Difference adverb & adverbial
Exercise 1: syntax & word order
Exercise 2: syntax & word order
Negations
Exercise 1: negations
List of exercises: syntax and sentences
Speaking and writing well
Linking/connecting words
English orthography
English comma rules
can’t, cannot
or
can not
?
Closed & open punctuation in English
Business English
Form/structure of an English business letter
Sample business letter (British English)
Sample business letter (American English)
Letterhead
Reference mark
Date
Special markings
Inside address
Postal code
Subject line
Salutation
Body
Complimentary close
Signature
Enclosures
Carbon copy
German grammar
Tenses
Präsens (use)
Exercise 1: use of the Präsens
Exercise 2: use of the Präsens
Präsens (formation)
Präsens of strong verbs
Präsens
(haben, werden, sein)
Präsens of modal verbs
Exercise 1: modal verb forms (Präsens)
Exercise 2: modal verb forms (Präsens)
Exercise 1: Präsens formation
Exercise 2: Präsens formation
Perfekt (use)
Perfekt (formation)
Exercise 1: formation of the Perfekt
Exercise 2: formation of the Perfekt
Präteritum (use)
Plusquamperfekt (use)
Plusquamperfekt (formation)
Exercise 1: formation of the Plusquamperfekt
Futur I (use)
Exercise 1: Determining the tenses
Exercise 2: Determining the tenses
List of exercises (tenses)
Individual words and parts of speech
Adjectives
Declension (inflection) of adjectives
Strong declension of adjectives
Mixed declension of adjectives
Weak declension of adjectives
Comparison of adjectives
The positive
Adverbs
Adverbially used adjectives
Pronominal adverbs
Comparison of adverbs (degrees)
Exercise 1: adverbs
Exercise 2: adverbs
Articles
Definite articles
Indefinite articles
Interjections
Nouns
Declension of nouns
Determiners of the noun
Grammatical categories of nouns
The grammatical cases
Nominative (1st case)
Genitive (2nd case)
Dative (3rd case)
Accusative (4th case)
The grammatical number
The grammatical gender
Gender of compound nouns
Natural gender
Numerals
Prepositions
Pronouns
Personal pronouns
Possessive pronouns
Demonstrative pronouns
Reflexive pronouns
Reciprocal pronouns
Relative pronouns
Interrogative pronouns
Indefinite pronouns
Verbs
Main verbs
Auxiliary verbs
(sein, haben, werden)
Modal verbs
(können, müssen, sollen, …)
Exercise 1: modal verbs
Exercise 2: modal verbs
Copular verbs
(werden, bleiben, sein)
Personal verbs
(schlafen, machen, essen, …)
Impersonal verbs
(regnen, donnern, schneien, …)
Finite verb forms (personal forms)
Non-finite verb forms
The infinitive
Exercise 1: infinitive
Exercise 2: infinitive
Participles
The present participle
Valency of the verb
Absolute verbs
Relative verbs
Transitive verbs
Intransitive verbs
Verb categories
Grammatical person
Exercise 1: grammatical person
Exercise 2: grammatical person
Grammatical mood
Grammatical voice
Passive voice
Personal passive voice
Impersonal passive voice
Dynamic passive voice
Dynamic passive forms in the Konjunktiv 1
Dynamic passive forms in the Konjunktiv 2
Modal verb forms of the dynamic passive
Static passive voice
Verb tables
Conjugation of
‘sein’
Conjugation of
‘haben’
Conjugation of
‘werden’
German strong verbs (list)
W
question words
Tricky word combinations and topics
Writing of percentages and fractions
Exercise 1: percentages & fractions
hilfsbereit – hilfreich – behilflich
Exercise 1:
hilfreich – hilfsbereit
Exercise 2:
hilfreich – hilfsbereit’
Sentences, clauses, syntax
Subject
Exercise 1: subject
Exercise 2: subject
Exercise 1: constituents
Exercise 2: constituents
Exercise 3: constituents
List of exercises on constituents
Spanish grammar
Tenses (tiempos verbales)
Pretérito Indefinido
Exercise 1: Pretérito Indefinido
Exercise 2: Pretérito Indefinido
Exercise 3: Pretérito Indefinido
Exercise 4: Pretérito Indefinido
Pretérito Imperfecto
Exercise 1: Pretérito Imperfecto
Exercise 2: Pretérito Imperfecto
Exercise 3: Pretérito Imperfecto
Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto
Exercise 1: Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto
Exercise 2: Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto
Exercise 3: Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto
Exercise 4: Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto
List of exercises (tenses)
Individual words and numbers
Articles
(el, la, los, las, un, una, …)
Definite articles
(el, la, los, las)
Neutral article
‘lo’
Nouns
(casa, sol, hombre)
Exercise 1: nouns
Exercise 2: nouns
Plural formation
Verb tables
First conjugation pattern (ending
‘-ar’
)
Second conjugation pattern (ending
‘-er’
)
Third conjugation pattern (ending
‘-ir’
)
Conjugation: auxiliary and lexical verb
‘ser’
Exercise 1: conjugating the verb
‘ser’
Tricky word combinations and topics
ser – estar
Sentences, clauses, syntax
Relative clauses
Tricky word combinations and topics
Home
German grammar
Individual words and parts of speech
Tricky word combinations and topics
Tricky topics in German grammar
(Typical sources of error and difficulties in German)
List of issues
Writing of percentages and fractions
Exercise 1: percentages & fractions
hilfsbereit – hilfreich – behilflich
Exercise 1:
hilfreich – hilfsbereit
Exercise 2:
hilfreich – hilfsbereit’
